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Integrating JSP,Servlet and Hibernate in an MVC application

Project Description :

In this article, we are going to create a real time MVC application by using Servlet, JSP and Hibernate.This example is developed using MVC pattern, where JSP pages acts as view layer, Hibernate and MySQL database as the model and servlet as controller layer. Its a very simple and basic application and entire codes is self explanatory.

In this tutorial, we are going to create a web application by using servlet,jsp and hibernate. When user will access the application ,login page will be displayed. For first time user there is a link for the registration. Once user will register his/her details will be collected in servlet and finally data will be saved into database by using hibernate.

Once user got registered , user can login to the application and use the website. If user enters wrong credential error page will be displayed.

Look and Feel :

We have used css and images to make pages attractive. After completion of this tutorial you will easily understand how css and images should be used in java based web application.

For creating the web application, we used JSP for presentation logic, Servlet class for controller layer and hibernate for database access codes.

Tools and Technologies :

  • JDK
  • Hibernate 3.6.3.Final
  • Eclipse
  • MySQL 5.5.
  • Tomcat

Directory structure of the project :

Directory Structure of the project is given bellow.

Hibernate web Example in Eclipse


Create database table for storing data :

SQL query is given below.Execute the following query in mysql database.

CREATE TABLE `jwt`.`USER_TABLE` (
  `id` DOUBLE NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `firstName` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `middleName` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `lastName` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `email` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `userId` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `password` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

For creating the application in Eclipse, follow the steps mentioned below.

Step 1 : Create Dynamic Web Project :

Open eclipse IDE,and go toFile -> New -> Project -> and select Dynamic Web Project,specify the project name as "MVCApplication" and click on next -> finish .

hibernate web application


Step 2 : Add Jar files for hibernate and mysql :

Copy all the jar files as shown below inside lib folder of the project

hibernate web application


Step 3 : Creating web pages :

Now let us create jsp files inside Web-Content folder of your project.

login.jsp


<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" 
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>Login Page</title>
<link href="css/style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="LoginServlet">
<div style="padding: 100px 0 0 250px;">
<div id="login-box">
<h2>Login Page</h2>
Please provide your credential to use this website
<br>
<br>
<div id="login-box-name" style="margin-top:20px;">User Id:</div>
<div id="login-box-field" style="margin-top:20px;">
<input name="userId" class="form-login" title="Username" value="" size="30" maxlength="50" />
</div>
<div id="login-box-name">Password:</div>
<div id="login-box-field">
<input name="password" type="password" class="form-login" title="Password" value="" size="30" maxlength="48" />
</div>
<br />
<span class="login-box-options">
New User?  <a href="register.jsp" style="margin-left:30px;">Register Here</a>
</span>
<br />
<br />
<input style="margin-left:100px;" type="submit" value="Login" />
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

register.jsp


<html>
<head>
<title>Registration Form</title>
<style type="text/css">
h3{font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; color:SlateBlue;
text-align: center; text-decoration: underline }
table{font-family: Calibri; color:white; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal;width: 50%;
text-align:; background-color: SlateBlue; border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px solid navy}
table.inner{border: 0px}
</style>
</head> 
<body>
<h3>Student Registration Form</h3>
<form action="RegisterServlet" method="POST">
<table align="center" cellpadding = "10">
<tr>
<td>First Name</td>
<td><input type="text" name="firstName" maxlength="30"/>
(max 30 characters a-z and A-Z)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Middle Name</td>
<td><input type="text" name="middleName" maxlength="30"/>
(max 30 characters a-z and A-Z)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Name</td>
<td><input type="text" name="lastName" maxlength="30"/>
(max 30 characters a-z and A-Z)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email</td>
<td><input type="text" name="email" maxlength="100" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>User ID</td>
<td><input type="text" name="userId" maxlength="100" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password</td>
<td><input type="text" name="password" maxlength="100" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
<input type="reset" value="Reset">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

home.jsp


<%@page import="java.util.List"%>
<%@page import="com.javawebtutor.service.LoginService"%>
<%@page import="java.util.Date"%>
<%@page import="com.javawebtutor.model.User"%>
<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
	 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css"/>
	 <title>Result Page</title>	
</head>
<body>
<center>
	 <div id="container">
		 <h1>Result Page</h1>
			 <b>This is Sample Result Page</b><br/>
			 <%=new Date()%></br>
			 <%
				 User user = (User) session.getAttribute("user");
			 %>		
			 <b>Welcome <%= user.getFirstName() + " " + user.getLastName()%></b>		
			 <br/>
			 <a href="logout.jsp">Logout</a>
		 </p>

		 <table>
			 <thead>
				 <tr>
					 <th>User ID</th>
					 <th>First Name</th>
					 <th>Middle Name</th>
					 <th>Last Name</th>
					 <th>email</th>					
				 </tr>
			 </thead>
			 <tbody>
				 <%
					 LoginService loginService = new LoginService();
					 List<User> list = loginService.getListOfUsers();
					 for (User u : list) {
				 %>
				 <tr>
					 <td><%=u.getUserId()%></td>
					 <td><%=u.getFirstName()%></td>
					 <td><%=u.getMiddleName()%></td>
					 <td><%=u.getLastName()%></td>
					 <td><%=u.getEmail()%></td>
				 </tr>
				 <%}%>
			 <tbody>
		 </table>		
		 <br/>
	 </div>
	</center>	
</body>
</html>

logout.jsp


<html>
<head>
	 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">	
	 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css">
	 <title>logout Page</title>
</head>
<body>
	 <%		
		 session.removeAttribute("userId");
		 session.removeAttribute("password");
		 session.invalidate();
	 %>
<center>
	 <h1>You have successfully logged out</h1>
	 To login again <a href="login.jsp">click here</a>.
</center>
</body>
</html>

error.jsp


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Error Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
	 <h1>Your Login Was Unsuccessful - Please Try Again</h1>
	 To login again <a href="login.jsp">click here</a>.
</center>
</body>
</html>

Step 4 : Create css file

Create a folder css inside WebContent of the project. Now create a css file style.css inside this folder and add below code into this file.

style.css


body{
font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
}
p, h1, form, button{border:0; margin:0; padding:0;}
.spacer{clear:both; height:1px;}
.mainform{
margin:0 auto;
width:400px;
padding:14px;
}

#container{
border:solid 2px burlywood;
background: silver;
border-radius: 5px;
}
#container h1 {
font-size:14px;
font-weight:bold;
margin-bottom:8px;
}
#container p{
font-size:11px;
color:#666666;
margin-bottom:20px;
border-bottom:solid 1px burlywood;
padding-bottom:10px;
}
#container label{
display:block;
font-weight:bold;
text-align:right;
width:140px;
float:left;
}
#container .small{
color:#666666;
display:block;
font-size:11px;
font-weight:normal;
text-align:right;
width:140px;
}
#container input{
float:left;
font-size:12px;
padding:4px 2px;
border:solid 1px burlywood;
width:200px;
margin:2px 0 20px 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
}
#container button{
clear:both;
margin-left:150px;
width:125px;
height:31px;
background:#666666;
text-align:center;
line-height:31px;
color:#FFFFFF;
font-size:11px;
font-weight:bold;
border-radius: 5px;
}
table, tr, td{
border-radius: 5px;
border:solid 1px;
padding: 5px;
width: max-content;
}


#login-box {
	width:333px;
	height: 352px;
	padding: 58px 76px 0 76px;
	color: #ebebeb;
	font: 12px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
	margin-top: -70px;
	background: url(../images/login-box-backg.png) no-repeat left top;
}

#login-box img {
	border:none;
}

#login-box h2 {
	padding:0;
	margin:0;
	color: #ebebeb;
	font: bold 44px "Calibri", Arial;
}


#login-box-name {
	float: left;
	display:inline;
	width:80px;
	text-align: right;
	padding: 14px 10px 0 0;
	margin:0 0 7px 0;
}

#login-box-field {
	float: left;
	display:inline;
	width:230px;
	margin:0;
	margin:0 0 7px 0;
}


.form-login  {
	width: 205px;
	padding: 10px 4px 6px 3px;
	border: 1px solid #0d2c52;
	background-color:#1e4f8a;
	font-size: 16px;
	color: #ebebeb;
}


.login-box-options  {
	clear:both;
	padding-left:87px;
	font-size: 11px;
}

.login-box-options a {
	color: #ebebeb;
	font-size: 11px;
}

Step 5 : Creating hibernate Model Class :

Create a package com.javawebtutor.model and create a java class User in this package and add following code in this class.

User.java


package com.javawebtutor.model;

import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="USER_TABLE")
public class User implements Serializable {
    
    @Id @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;
    private String firstName;
    private String middleName;
    private String lastName;
    private String email;
    private String userId;
    private String password;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String firstName, String middleName, String lastName, String email, String userId, String password) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.middleName = middleName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
        this.userId = userId;
        this.password = password;
    }


    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

     public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName;
    }

    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }

    public String getMiddleName() {
        return middleName;
    }

    public void setMiddleName(String middleName) {
        this.middleName = middleName;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(String userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }        
}

Step 5 : Creating hibernate Model Class :

User.java

This is a simple bean class representing the Persistent class in hibernate.

Create a package com.jwt.hibernate.bean,in this package create java class User.java and add following code in this class.


package com.jwt.hibernate.bean;

public class User {
	private int id;
	private String userName;
	private String password1;
	private String email;
	private String phone;
	private String city;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}

	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}

	public String getPassword1() {
		return password1;
	}

	public void setPassword1(String password1) {
		this.password1 = password1;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	public String getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}

	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}

	public String getCity() {
		return city;
	}

	public void setCity(String city) {
		this.city = city;
	}

}

Step 6 : Create Util class for getting SeesionFactory Object

Create a java class HibernateUtil. Method inside this class will return SessionFactory Object.SessionFactory is heavy weight object.For better performance only one SessionFactory should be created for entire application. So this class should be created as singleton.

HibernateUtil.java


package com.javawebtutor.hibernate.util;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;

public class HibernateUtil {

    private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    static {
        try {
            sessionFactory = new AnnotationConfiguration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml").buildSessionFactory();
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
        }
    }

    public static Session openSession() {
        return sessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

Step 7 : Create the Configuration file :

The configuration file contains informations about the database and mapping file. Conventionally, its name should be hibernate.cfg.xml .Configuration file must be in classpath of your Project.Place this file in src of your project by default it will added to classpath of your project.

hibernate.cfg.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jwt</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">mukesh</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>		
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <mapping class="com.javawebtutor.model.User" /> 
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

Step 8 : Create Controller class

Here we are going to create two classes LoginServlet and RegisterServlet which will help interaction between view layer, and business service classes.LoginSrvlet will control login request and RegisterServlet will control /new user registration process.


LoginServlet.java


package com.javawebtutor.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.javawebtutor.model.User;
import com.javawebtutor.service.LoginService;


public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

	 String userId = request.getParameter("userId");	
	 String password = request.getParameter("password");
	 LoginService loginService = new LoginService();
	 boolean result = loginService.authenticateUser(userId, password);
	 User user = loginService.getUserByUserId(userId);
	 if(result == true){
		 request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);		
		 response.sendRedirect("home.jsp");
	 }
	 else{
		 response.sendRedirect("error.jsp");
	 }
}

}

RegisterServlet.java


package com.javawebtutor.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.javawebtutor.model.User;
import com.javawebtutor.service.RegisterService;


public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
	 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
	 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
	 String firstName = request.getParameter("firstName");
	 String middleName = request.getParameter("middleName");
	 String lastName = request.getParameter("lastName");
	 String email = request.getParameter("email");
	 String userId = request.getParameter("userId");
	 String password = request.getParameter("password");
	 User user = new User(firstName,middleName,lastName, email,userId, password);
			
	 try {	
		 RegisterService registerService = new RegisterService();
		 boolean result = registerService.register(user);		
		 out.println("<html>");
		 out.println("<head>");		
		 out.println("<title>Registration Successful</title>");		
		 out.println("</head>");
		 out.println("<body>");
		 out.println("<center>");
		 if(result){
			 out.println("<h1>Thanks for Registering with us :</h1>");
			 out.println("To login with new UserId and Password<a href=login.jsp>Click here</a>");
		 }else{
			 out.println("<h1>Registration Failed</h1>");
			 out.println("To try again<a href=register.jsp>Click here</a>");
		 }
		 out.println("</center>");
		 out.println("</body>");
		 out.println("</html>");
	 } finally {		
		 out.close();
	 }
}

}

Step 9 : Create Service class for Business logic

Create two classes LoginService and RegisterService.These classes will interact with model layer for business processing.

LoginService.java


package com.javawebtutor.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.javawebtutor.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;
import com.javawebtutor.model.User;

public class LoginService {

    public boolean authenticateUser(String userId, String password) {
        User user = getUserByUserId(userId);          
        if(user!=null && user.getUserId().equals(userId) && user.getPassword().equals(password)){
            return true;
        }else{ 
            return false;
        }
    }

    public User getUserByUserId(String userId) {
        Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
        Transaction tx = null;
        User user = null;
        try {
            tx = session.getTransaction();
            tx.begin();
            Query query = session.createQuery("from User where userId='"+userId+"'");
            user = (User)query.uniqueResult();
            tx.commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (tx != null) {
                tx.rollback();
            }
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            session.close();
        }
        return user;
    }
    
    public List<User> getListOfUsers(){
        List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
        Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
        Transaction tx = null;        
        try {
            tx = session.getTransaction();
            tx.begin();
            list = session.createQuery("from User").list();                        
            tx.commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (tx != null) {
                tx.rollback();
            }
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            session.close();
        }
        return list;
    }
}

RegisterService.java


package com.javawebtutor.service;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.javawebtutor.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;
import com.javawebtutor.model.User;
public class RegisterService {
	
public boolean register(User user){
	 Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
	 if(isUserExists(user)) return false;	
	
	 Transaction tx = null;	
	 try {
		 tx = session.getTransaction();
		 tx.begin();
		 session.saveOrUpdate(user);		
		 tx.commit();
	 } catch (Exception e) {
		 if (tx != null) {
			 tx.rollback();
		 }
		 e.printStackTrace();
	 } finally {
		 session.close();
	 }	
	 return true;
}

public boolean isUserExists(User user){
	 Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
	 boolean result = false;
	 Transaction tx = null;
	 try{
		 tx = session.getTransaction();
		 tx.begin();
		 Query query = session.createQuery("from User where userId='"+user.getUserId()+"'");
		 User u = (User)query.uniqueResult();
		 tx.commit();
		 if(u!=null) result = true;
	 }catch(Exception ex){
		 if(tx!=null){
			 tx.rollback();
		 }
	 }finally{
		 session.close();
	 }
	 return result;
}
}

Step 10: Create web.xml file :

Create web.xml file inside WEB-INF directory of project.

web.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>MVCApplication</display-name>
  <servlet>
		<display-name>LoginServlet</display-name>
		<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.javawebtutor.controller.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>
	<servlet>
		<display-name>RegisterServlet</display-name>
		<servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.javawebtutor.controller.RegisterServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/LoginServlet</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/RegisterServlet</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

Run the Application :

To run the application, right click on the project then Run as -> Run On Server select Tomcat -> Next ->Finish.

Output in Browser :

Login Page

Hibernate web Example in Eclipse

New User Registration Page

Hibernate Example in Eclipse

Welcome Page

Hibernate Example in Eclipse


Error Page

Hibernate Example in Eclipse


Result Page

Hibernate Example in Eclipse


You can download the source code of the example by clicking on the Download link below.


Source + Lib : Download

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